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Example of PulsPlasma® treated parts    PulsePlasma Nitriding
Process Description

Plasma heat treatment, especially pulse plasma nitriding and pulse plasma nitrocarburizing is used for surface treatment of work pieces for protection against wear. For the treatment by plasma, the parts have to be placed in a vacuum vessel and are electrically insulated from the case. At a pressure of 50 - 500 Pa, a pulsed electrical D.C. voltage of several hundred volts is used between work piece and vessel, whereby the workload is switched cathodically. The ionizing of the remaining gas in the vessel results in a glow discharge. The electrical, positive ions are moving towards the work piece and impact with high kinetic energy. During this process at the surface the following happens:
 

    sputtering, cleaning and activation of the surface
    heating of the work piece by absorption of kinetic energy of ions
    reactions of highly active ions with elements in basic work material
    diffusion of elements -which are to be found in gas- into the work piece

Depending on the material and the results required, the treating temperature and time are chosen in advance.


Advantages of the process by using plasma are the following:

    no environmental and safety problems, as neither dangerous nitriding materials are used nor produced
    minimal requirement of gas, as, by ionizing the gas used may be exploited effectively
    the structure of the nitride layer may be controlled
    surface parts which may not be treated, can be protected by covering
    steels containing chrome may be nitrided without previous depassivation
    if required the temperature of work pieces may be kept very low; thus it is possible to treat cold work steel.


Compared to the well-known D.C. plasma technique the PulsPlasma® technique has significant process advantages which may be listed as follows:

 

PULSED TECHNIQUE
 		D.C. TECHNIQUE
 
    only energy required for the process will be added metered, especially if low temperature treating is required
    energy surplus has to be carried off (e.g. by cooling the wall of the vessel)
    minimal energy losses by cooling water, as wall of vessel is insulated (energy saving by the factor 3 to 5 compared to cooled wall)
    high energy losses by a large area cooled furnace wall
    good homogeneity of temperature in vessel, due to low temperature difference between charge and wall
    high temperature gradient between charge and cooled vessel
    complete usage of the charge volume due to good temperature homogeneity
    using of the charge zone is limited by overheating of work pieces in the center of charge
    excellent results due to an easy controllability and reproducability of treatment for different charge sizes, as plasma parameters, important for the results, are independent from load density
    treatment results depend on the loading density as plasma paramenters are linked with temperature regulation
    arcing is impossible as its development is periodically interrupted by the pulsed current mode. If necessary during each pulse a switch off in less than 1 µs.
    arcing is always possible and has to be interrupted immediately. In spite of short reaction times arc traces on the surface of parts
    total surface nitriding, even into smallest bores
    contour tracing on surface is limited
    short heating time of charge by using a seperate heating
activation, construction and building of plants wettability, coating, bipolal pulse, technology ,thin films, degreasing, Gas nitriding, hardening, hard coatings, hydrophil, hydrophob, corrosion, corrosion protection, plastic surfaces, nitriding, nitrocarburizing, surface technology, surface refinement, surface hardening, oxidizing, PA CVD/PE CVD coating, plasma, plasma activation, plasma, power supply, plasma hardening, plasma nitriding, plasma plant, plasma oxidizing, plasma polymerisation, plasma cleaning, plasma sterilising, plasma technology, polymerization, pulsed plasma, cleaning, life standing time, sterilizing, power supply, TiCN coatings, TiC coatings, TiN coatings, vacuum plants, agglutinate, wear, wear protection, heat treatment, tool hardening    long heating time, because charge can be heated directly or indirectly by plasma only

PlaTeG GmbH
A Company of the PVA TePla Group
Postfach 210642
57030 Siegen
Deutschland / Germany

Managing Directors: Dr. Reinar Grün ; Arnd Bohle
Amtsgericht Siegen, HRB 8070  ;  USt.Id. DE 814730669
e-mail: service@plateg.de

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